There are two other areas of concern. First, Natural Law reasoning rejoices in what it sees as an apologetic advantage (over divine-commnd theories) in its non-reference to God. Yet as Grotius observed, God is not necessary for Natural Law at all. Rather than leading the non-believer to God, it may lead him or her merely to an atheistic formulation of Natural Law such as that of Hart. Alternatively, a Christian version of Natural Law must rely on such Christian premises as would likely negate any so-called apologetic advantage. Vacek writes:
...natural-law ethics need not refer to God for either the content or the obliging force of our moral obligations.
A practical agnosticism can be the result.
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