Saturday, November 04, 2006

Pacificism?

We have been reading Stanley Hauerwas and so inevitably we came upon the issue of pacificism, which he advocates strongly. In one of his toughest articles, Hauerwas argues that Just War theories are a failure of the Christian imagination, or of faith: that we fail to believe that God could bring about communities - and even countries - of peace on the earth, assuming that war is inevitable this side of Jesus' return. Assuming the inevitability of war dooms you to always pursue it and justify it.

The exegetical force of Hauerwas' argument (which he gets from Yoder of course) is that this is what Jesus himelf would have taught, and certainly what he would have enacted (notwithstanding that he doesn't call on soldiers in his audiences to leave the army but rather to be just soldiers...).

I am impressed but not convinced. I cannot see but that the kind of eschatological peace that Hauerwas hopes for is not given to nations in this way in this age, at least certainly not permanently. I cannot but see that we are left to make tragic calculations about the justice of the wars that might be pursued and that it is often our right calling to do so. We may so define just war so that it could never be pursued. But still we might retain the possibility that force may be needed to protect the innocent and pursue justice...

12 comments:

byron smith said...

There have been numerous discussions of pacificism around the traps recently. Here are a few from Ben Myers, with links to many more for those interested:
Kim Fabicius got the ball rolling with ten propositions on peace and war
Then Ben posted a collection of links discussing Kim's post.
Followed by this lengthy reply by Kim and many more comments.
And most recently, a pacifist hymn. Anyway, some great discussions of the issues here (with much quoting of Hauerwas, and even more of Yoder).

PS don't want to stop discussion here, just providing some very interesting resources for those who want to hear some articulate and intelligent theological defences of pacificism.

byron smith said...

PPS which Hauerwas are you reading?

Craig Schwarze said...

To be consistent, surely this would apply to civil police services as well? If not, why not? If so, surely we are looking at anarchy...

michael jensen said...

Well, the trouble is that leaves no room for acting against Hitler (for example) on behalf of those he was killing, whatever the horrible consequences... even Bonhoeffer in the end couldn't keep consistently pacificist...

Anonymous said...

Thank you for this post.

Pacifism may have a place, but when it comes to loving ones neighbors ("acting against Hitler"), pacifism becomes unlike Christ.

A child, a woman, or the elderly in the hands of a murderous tyrant demands rescue, and if by force, then so be it. What matters is that the person be rescued. Love demands such action.

michael jensen said...

True. Though let's not be glib about this: the calculation of when there is a neighbour genuinely in trouble and when I am not serving my own interests somewhere is extremely contentious, yes?

Anonymous said...

Yes MJ, but can't pacifism also be self-serving?
In watching the movie Hotel Rwanda its the idea/inaction of the Western peace-keepers that seems most obscene.

michael jensen said...

well: perhaps the crucial theological issue is to define 'peace' of course..

Ben Myers said...

Hi Michael -- have you seen the new issue of IJST yet? It includes an article critiquing O'Donovan via Yoder. I haven't had time to read it yet myself, but it looks interesting!

michael jensen said...

no, haven't seen it!

Anonymous said...

Maybe there is no available Christian theology of war and peace?

I think that Just War Theory is corrupt in both it's origins in the dark ages and pagan philosophy and in its practical use to justify oppression and aggression (see the current enthusiasm for it in the USA).

We are living in a broken, cursed world where rationalising from first principles - even revealed principles - does not lead to any overarching theory on when and how to use violence.

Sometimes we think (feel) we have to fight. Better not to construct a theory to prove that we are doing what God wants. Better to pray for mercy.

michael jensen said...

this is Bonhoefferian: you act, but don't try to justify it. Accept whatever guilt is yours.